Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	9
Number of observations	613
Missing cells	252
Missing cells (%)	4.6%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	43.2 KiB
Average record size in memory	72.2 B

Variable types

Numeric	8
Categorical	1

Alerts

`Outcome` has constant value "0.0"	Constant
`Pregnancies` is highly correlated with `Age`	High correlation
`SkinThickness` is highly correlated with `BMI`	High correlation
`BMI` is highly correlated with `SkinThickness`	High correlation
`Age` is highly correlated with `Pregnancies`	High correlation
`Pregnancies` is highly correlated with `Age`	High correlation
`Age` is highly correlated with `Pregnancies`	High correlation
`Pregnancies` is highly correlated with `Age`	High correlation
`SkinThickness` is highly correlated with `Insulin` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`Insulin` is highly correlated with `SkinThickness`	High correlation
`BMI` is highly correlated with `SkinThickness`	High correlation
`Age` is highly correlated with `Pregnancies`	High correlation
`Pregnancies` has 17 (2.8%) missing values	Missing
`Glucose` has 8 (1.3%) missing values	Missing
`SkinThickness` has 10 (1.6%) missing values	Missing
`BMI` has 8 (1.3%) missing values	Missing
`DiabetesPedigreeFunction` has 12 (2.0%) missing values	Missing
`Outcome` has 197 (32.1%) missing values	Missing
`Pregnancies` has 87 (14.2%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2022-09-19 19:47:03.188293
Analysis finished	2022-09-19 19:47:18.799755
Duration	15.61 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v3.2.0
Download configuration	config.json

Pregnancies
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
MISSING
ZEROS

Distinct	12
Distinct (%)	2.0%
Missing	17
Missing (%)	2.8%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	3.593959732

Minimum	0
Maximum	11
Zeros	87
Zeros (%)	14.2%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	3
Q3	6
95-th percentile	10
Maximum	11
Range	11
Interquartile range (IQR)	5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.029751149
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8430119911
Kurtosis	-0.5444745555
Mean	3.593959732
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2
Skewness	0.700753706
Sum	2142
Variance	9.179392025
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=12)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	107	17.5%
0	87	14.2%
2	84	13.7%
3	61	10.0%
4	55	9.0%
5	44	7.2%
6	40	6.5%
7	37	6.0%
8	25	4.1%
9	25	4.1%
Other values (2)	31	5.1%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	87	14.2%
1	107	17.5%
2	84	13.7%
3	61	10.0%
4	55	9.0%
5	44	7.2%
6	40	6.5%
7	37	6.0%
8	25	4.1%
9	25	4.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
11	10	1.6%
10	21	3.4%
9	25	4.1%
8	25	4.1%
7	37	6.0%
6	40	6.5%
5	44	7.2%
4	55	9.0%
3	61	10.0%
2	84	13.7%

Glucose
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

MISSING

Distinct	123
Distinct (%)	20.3%
Missing	8
Missing (%)	1.3%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	115.9065664

Minimum	44
Maximum	191
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	44
5-th percentile	79
Q1	97
median	112
Q3	131
95-th percentile	168
Maximum	191
Range	147
Interquartile range (IQR)	34

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	26.85241429
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2316729339
Kurtosis	-0.0747268786
Mean	115.9065664
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	17
Skewness	0.5417773278
Sum	70123.47266
Variance	721.0521534
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
99	16	2.6%
125	14	2.3%
100	14	2.3%
106	14	2.3%
112	13	2.1%
95	13	2.1%
102	13	2.1%
108	12	2.0%
111	12	2.0%
90	11	1.8%
Other values (113)	473	77.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
44	1	0.2%
56	1	0.2%
57	1	0.2%
61	1	0.2%
62	1	0.2%
65	1	0.2%
67	1	0.2%
68	1	0.2%
71	4	0.7%
72	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
191	1	0.2%
188	1	0.2%
184	2	0.3%
183	3	0.5%
182	1	0.2%
181	1	0.2%
180	4	0.7%
179	5	0.8%
178	1	0.2%
176	1	0.2%

BloodPressure
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	36
Distinct (%)	5.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	71.47567037

Minimum	40
Maximum	98
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	40
5-th percentile	54
Q1	64
median	70
Q3	78
95-th percentile	90
Maximum	98
Range	58
Interquartile range (IQR)	14

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	10.71811548
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1499547388
Kurtosis	-0.1728030344
Mean	71.47567037
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	6
Skewness	0.01294709426
Sum	43814.58594
Variance	114.8779994
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=36)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
70	47	7.7%
74	44	7.2%
64	39	6.4%
68	39	6.4%
72	37	6.0%
69.10546875	34	5.5%
78	33	5.4%
80	32	5.2%
76	30	4.9%
60	29	4.7%
Other values (26)	249	40.6%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
40	1	0.2%
44	4	0.7%
46	1	0.2%
48	4	0.7%
50	10	1.6%
52	10	1.6%
54	10	1.6%
55	2	0.3%
56	12	2.0%
58	14	2.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
98	3	0.5%
96	4	0.7%
95	1	0.2%
94	6	1.0%
92	7	1.1%
90	15	2.4%
88	21	3.4%
86	17	2.8%
85	6	1.0%
84	14	2.3%

SkinThickness
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
MISSING

Distinct	40
Distinct (%)	6.6%
Missing	10
Missing (%)	1.6%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	25.16081917

Minimum	8
Maximum	47
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	8
5-th percentile	15
Q1	20.53645833
median	20.53645833
Q3	30
95-th percentile	41
Maximum	47
Range	39
Interquartile range (IQR)	9.463541667

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	8.013968452
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3185098386
Kurtosis	-0.1624290884
Mean	25.16081917
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3.536458333
Skewness	0.739164622
Sum	15171.97396
Variance	64.22369035
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=40)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
20.53645833	205	33.4%
32	25	4.1%
30	24	3.9%
23	19	3.1%
28	18	2.9%
27	18	2.9%
18	18	2.9%
19	17	2.8%
40	14	2.3%
22	14	2.3%
Other values (30)	231	37.7%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
8	1	0.2%
10	4	0.7%
11	6	1.0%
12	6	1.0%
13	8	1.3%
14	4	0.7%
15	13	2.1%
16	5	0.8%
17	10	1.6%
18	18	2.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
47	2	0.3%
46	6	1.0%
45	2	0.3%
44	3	0.5%
43	4	0.7%
42	5	0.8%
41	12	2.0%
40	14	2.3%
39	11	1.8%
38	5	0.8%

Insulin
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	103
Distinct (%)	16.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	89.46528769

Minimum	22
Maximum	180
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	22
5-th percentile	50
Q1	79.79947917
median	79.79947917
Q3	90
95-th percentile	159.4
Maximum	180
Range	158
Interquartile range (IQR)	10.20052083

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	29.52718635
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.330040702
Kurtosis	1.647487433
Mean	89.46528769
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.294112109
Sum	54842.22135
Variance	871.854734
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
79.79947917	343	56.0%
105	11	1.8%
140	8	1.3%
130	8	1.3%
94	7	1.1%
100	7	1.1%
120	7	1.1%
115	6	1.0%
110	6	1.0%
135	6	1.0%
Other values (93)	204	33.3%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
22	1	0.2%
23	2	0.3%
29	1	0.2%
32	1	0.2%
36	3	0.5%
37	2	0.3%
38	1	0.2%
40	2	0.3%
41	1	0.2%
42	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
180	6	1.0%
178	1	0.2%
176	3	0.5%
175	3	0.5%
171	1	0.2%
170	2	0.3%
168	4	0.7%
167	2	0.3%
166	1	0.2%
165	4	0.7%

BMI
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
MISSING

Distinct	218
Distinct (%)	36.0%
Missing	8
Missing (%)	1.3%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	31.57310046

Minimum	18.2
Maximum	46.8
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	18.2
5-th percentile	22.12
Q1	27.1
median	31.6
Q3	35.5
95-th percentile	42.9
Maximum	46.8
Range	28.6
Interquartile range (IQR)	8.4

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.152830529
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.194875715
Kurtosis	-0.3933231745
Mean	31.57310046
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	4.2
Skewness	0.241389441
Sum	19101.72578
Variance	37.85732352
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
31.2	10	1.6%
33.3	10	1.6%
31.6	10	1.6%
31.99257812	10	1.6%
32	10	1.6%
34.2	8	1.3%
30.8	8	1.3%
32.4	8	1.3%
29.7	8	1.3%
30	7	1.1%
Other values (208)	516	84.2%
(Missing)	8	1.3%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
18.2	3	0.5%
18.4	1	0.2%
19.1	1	0.2%
19.3	1	0.2%
19.4	1	0.2%
19.5	2	0.3%
19.6	1	0.2%
19.9	1	0.2%
20	1	0.2%
20.4	2	0.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
46.8	2	0.3%
46.7	1	0.2%
46.3	1	0.2%
46.2	1	0.2%
46.1	2	0.3%
45.7	1	0.2%
45.6	1	0.2%
45.5	1	0.2%
45.3	3	0.5%
45.2	1	0.2%

DiabetesPedigreeFunction
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

MISSING

Distinct	424
Distinct (%)	70.5%
Missing	12
Missing (%)	2.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.4283527454

Minimum	0.078
Maximum	1.353
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.078
5-th percentile	0.136
Q1	0.236
median	0.342
Q3	0.58
95-th percentile	0.956
Maximum	1.353
Range	1.275
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.344

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.2666077556
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6224023506
Kurtosis	0.9913229027
Mean	0.4283527454
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.146
Skewness	1.180431806
Sum	257.44
Variance	0.07107969536
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.261	5	0.8%
0.258	5	0.8%
0.268	5	0.8%
0.692	4	0.7%
0.299	4	0.7%
0.238	4	0.7%
0.245	4	0.7%
0.284	4	0.7%
0.263	4	0.7%
0.254	4	0.7%
Other values (414)	558	91.0%
(Missing)	12	2.0%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.078	1	0.2%
0.084	1	0.2%
0.085	2	0.3%
0.088	2	0.3%
0.089	1	0.2%
0.092	1	0.2%
0.096	1	0.2%
0.1	1	0.2%
0.101	1	0.2%
0.102	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.353	1	0.2%
1.321	1	0.2%
1.318	1	0.2%
1.292	1	0.2%
1.282	1	0.2%
1.268	1	0.2%
1.251	1	0.2%
1.224	1	0.2%
1.222	1	0.2%
1.213	1	0.2%

Age
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	41
Distinct (%)	6.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	31.7862969

Minimum	21
Maximum	61
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.9 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	21
5-th percentile	21
Q1	24
median	28
Q3	39
95-th percentile	52
Maximum	61
Range	40
Interquartile range (IQR)	15

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	9.908981607
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3117375276
Kurtosis	-0.1004084547
Mean	31.7862969
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	6
Skewness	0.9129027029
Sum	19485
Variance	98.18791649
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=41)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
22	62	10.1%
21	54	8.8%
25	41	6.7%
24	40	6.5%
28	31	5.1%
23	29	4.7%
27	27	4.4%
26	27	4.4%
29	21	3.4%
41	19	3.1%
Other values (31)	262	42.7%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
21	54	8.8%
22	62	10.1%
23	29	4.7%
24	40	6.5%
25	41	6.7%
26	27	4.4%
27	27	4.4%
28	31	5.1%
29	21	3.4%
30	17	2.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
61	1	0.2%
60	3	0.5%
59	2	0.3%
58	3	0.5%
57	4	0.7%
56	2	0.3%
55	3	0.5%
54	5	0.8%
53	3	0.5%
52	6	1.0%

Outcome
Categorical

CONSTANT
MISSING
REJECTED

Distinct	1
Distinct (%)	0.2%
Missing	197
Missing (%)	32.1%
Memory size	4.9 KiB

0.0	416

Length

Max length	3
Median length	3
Mean length	3
Min length	3

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	1248
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	2 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	0.0
2nd row	0.0
3rd row	0.0
4th row	0.0
5th row	0.0

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.0	416	67.9%
(Missing)	197	32.1%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Category Frequency Plot

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.0	416	100.0%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	832	66.7%
.	416	33.3%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	832	66.7%
Other Punctuation	416	33.3%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	832	100.0%

Other Punctuation

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
.	416	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	1248	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	832	66.7%
.	416	33.3%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	1248	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	832	66.7%
.	416	33.3%

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

The correlation heatmap measures nullity correlation: how strongly the presence or absence of one variable affects the presence of another.

The dendrogram allows you to more fully correlate variable completion, revealing trends deeper than the pairwise ones visible in the correlation heatmap.

First rows

	Pregnancies	Glucose	BloodPressure	SkinThickness	Insulin	BMI	DiabetesPedigreeFunction	Age	Outcome
0	6.0	148.0	72.000000	35.000000	79.799479	33.600000	0.627	50.0	NaN
1	1.0	85.0	66.000000	29.000000	79.799479	26.600000	0.351	31.0	0.0
2	8.0	183.0	64.000000	20.536458	79.799479	23.300000	0.672	32.0	NaN
3	1.0	89.0	66.000000	23.000000	94.000000	28.100000	0.167	21.0	0.0
4	0.0	137.0	40.000000	35.000000	168.000000	43.100000	NaN	33.0	NaN
5	5.0	116.0	74.000000	20.536458	79.799479	25.600000	0.201	30.0	0.0
6	3.0	78.0	50.000000	32.000000	88.000000	31.000000	0.248	26.0	NaN
7	10.0	115.0	69.105469	20.536458	79.799479	35.300000	0.134	29.0	0.0
8	8.0	125.0	96.000000	20.536458	79.799479	31.992578	0.232	54.0	NaN
9	4.0	110.0	92.000000	20.536458	79.799479	37.600000	0.191	30.0	0.0

Last rows

	Pregnancies	Glucose	BloodPressure	SkinThickness	Insulin	BMI	DiabetesPedigreeFunction	Age	Outcome
603	1.0	128.0	88.0	39.000000	110.000000	36.5	1.057	37.0	NaN
604	7.0	137.0	90.0	41.000000	79.799479	32.0	0.391	39.0	0.0
605	0.0	123.0	72.0	20.536458	79.799479	36.3	0.258	52.0	NaN
606	1.0	106.0	76.0	20.536458	79.799479	37.5	0.197	26.0	0.0
607	9.0	170.0	74.0	31.000000	79.799479	44.0	0.403	43.0	NaN
608	9.0	89.0	62.0	20.536458	79.799479	22.5	0.142	33.0	0.0
609	2.0	122.0	70.0	27.000000	79.799479	36.8	0.340	27.0	0.0
610	5.0	121.0	72.0	23.000000	112.000000	26.2	0.245	30.0	0.0
611	1.0	126.0	60.0	20.536458	79.799479	30.1	0.349	47.0	NaN
612	1.0	93.0	70.0	31.000000	79.799479	30.4	0.315	23.0	0.0

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Category Frequency Plot

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Other Punctuation

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Interactions

Correlations

Spearman's ρ

Pearson's r

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows